Kalpanaswaram Carnatic music

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kalpanaswaram, known swarakalpana, consists of improvising melodic , rhythmic passages using swaras (solfa syllables). niraval, kalpanaswaras sung end on particular swara in raga of melody , @ specific place (idam) in tala cycle.


kalpanaswaras have predictable rhythmical structure; swaras sung end on samam (the first beat of rhythmical cycle). swaras can sung @ same speed or double speed of melody being sung, though artists sing triple-speed phrases too.


kalpanaswaram elementary type of improvisation, taught before other form of improvisation.








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