Applications Hermeneutics

1 applications

1.1 archaeology
1.2 architecture
1.3 environment
1.4 international relations
1.5 law
1.6 political philosophy
1.7 psychoanalysis
1.8 psychology
1.9 religion , theology
1.10 safety science
1.11 sociology

applications
archaeology

in archaeology, hermeneutics means interpretation , understanding of material through analysis of possible meanings , social uses.

proponents argue interpretation of artifacts unavoidably hermeneutic because cannot know meaning behind them. can apply modern values when interpreting. commonly seen in stone tools, descriptions such scraper can highly subjective , unproven until development of microwear analysis thirty years ago.

opponents argue hermeneutic approach relativist , own interpretations based on common-sense evaluation.

architecture

there several traditions of architectural scholarship draw upon hermeneutics of heidegger , gadamer, such christian norberg-schulz, , nader el-bizri in circles of phenomenology. lindsay jones examines way architecture received , how reception changes time , context (e.g., how building interpreted critics, users, , historians). dalibor vesely situates hermeneutics within critique of application of overly scientific thinking architecture. tradition fits within critique of enlightenment , has informed design-studio teaching. adrian snodgrass sees study of history , asian cultures architects hermeneutical encounter otherness. deploys arguments hermeneutics explain design process of interpretation. along richard coyne, extends argument nature of architectural education , design.

environment

environmental hermeneutics applies hermeneutics environmental issues conceived broadly subjects including nature , wilderness (both terms matters of hermeneutical contention), landscapes, ecosystems, built environments (where overlaps architectural hermeneutics ), inter-species relationships, relationship of body world, , more.

international relations

insofar hermeneutics basis of both critical theory , constitutive theory (both of have made important inroads postpositivist branch of international relations theory , political science), has been applied international relations.

steve smith refers hermeneutics principal way of grounding foundationalist yet postpositivist theory of international relations.

radical postmodernism example of postpositivist yet anti-foundationalist paradigm of international relations.

law

some scholars argue law , theology particular forms of hermeneutics because of need interpret legal tradition or scriptural texts. moreover, problem of interpretation has been central legal theory since @ least 11th century.

in middle ages , italian renaissance, schools of glossatores, commentatores, , usus modernus distinguished approach interpretation of laws (mainly justinian s corpus juris civilis). university of bologna gave birth legal renaissance in 11th century, when corpus juris civilis rediscovered , systematically studied men such irnerius , johannes gratian. interpretative renaissance. subsequently, these developed thomas aquinas , alberico gentili.

since then, interpretation has been @ center of legal thought. friedrich carl von savigny , emilio betti, among others, made significant contributions general hermeneutics. legal interpretivism, famously ronald dworkin s, may seen branch of philosophical hermeneutics.

political philosophy

italian philosopher gianni vattimo , spanish philosopher santiago zabala in book hermeneutic communism, when discussing contemporary capitalist regimes, stated that, politics of descriptions not impose power in order dominate philosophy; rather, functional continued existence of society of dominion, pursues truth in form of imposition (violence), conservation (realism), , triumph (history).

vattimo , zabala stated view interpretation anarchy , affirmed existence interpretation , hermeneutics weak thought.

psychoanalysis

psychoanalysts have made ample use of hermeneutics since sigmund freud first gave birth discipline. in 1900 freud wrote title chose interpretation of dreams makes plain of traditional approaches problem of dreams inclined follow...[i.e.] interpreting dream implies assigning meaning it.

the french psychoanalyst jacques lacan later extended freudian hermeneutics other psychical realms. work 1930s–50s particularly influenced heidegger, , maurice merleau-ponty s hermeneutical phenomenology.

psychology

psychologists , computer scientists have become interested in hermeneutics, alternative cognitivism.

hubert dreyfus s critique of conventional artificial intelligence has been influential among psychologists interested in hermeneutic approaches meaning , interpretation, discussed philosophers such martin heidegger (cf. embodied cognition) , ludwig wittgenstein (cf. discursive psychology).

hermeneutics influential in humanistic psychology.

religion , theology

the understanding of theological text depends upon reader s particular hermeneutical viewpoint. theorists, such paul ricœur, have applied modern philosophical hermeneutics theological texts (in ricœur s case, bible).

mircea eliade, hermeneutist, understands religion experience of sacred , , interprets sacred in relation profane. romanian scholar underlines relation between sacred , profane not of opposition, of complementarity, having interpreted profane hierophany. hermeneutics of myth part of hermeneutics of religion. myth should not interpreted illusion or lie, because there truth in myth rediscovered. myth interpreted mircea eliade sacred history . introduces concept of total hermeneutics .

safety science

in field of safety science, , in study of human reliability, scientists have become increasingly interested in hermeneutic approaches.

it has been proposed ergonomist donald taylor mechanist models of human behaviour take far in terms of accident reduction, , safety science must @ meaning of accidents human beings.

other scholars in field have attempted create safety taxonomies make use of hermeneutic concepts in terms of categorisation of qualitative data.

sociology

in sociology, hermeneutics interpretation , understanding of social events through analysis of meanings human participants in events. enjoyed prominence during 1960s , 1970s, , differs other interpretive schools of sociology in emphasizes importance of both context , form within given social behaviour.

the central principle of sociological hermeneutics is possible know meaning of act or statement within context of discourse or world view originates. context critical comprehension; action or event carries substantial weight 1 person or culture may viewed meaningless or entirely different another. example, giving thumbs-up gesture accepted sign of job done in united states, while other cultures view insult. similarly, putting piece of paper box might considered meaningless act unless put context of democratic elections (the act of putting ballot paper box).

friedrich schleiermacher, regarded father of sociological hermeneutics believed that, in order interpreter understand work of author, must familiarize historical context in author published thoughts. work led inspiration of heidegger s hermeneutic circle referenced model claims 1 s understanding of individual parts of text based on understanding of whole text, while understanding of whole text dependent on understanding of each individual part. hermeneutics in sociology heavily influenced german philosopher hans-georg gadamer.