Agriculture Environmental degradation

water pollution due dairy farming in wairarapa in new zealand

agriculture dependent on available soil moisture, directly affected climate dynamics, precipitation being input in system , various processes being output, such evapotranspiration, surface runoff, drainage, , percolation groundwater. changes in climate, changes in precipitation , evapotranspiration predicted climate models, directly affect soil moisture, surface runoff, , groundwater recharge.

in areas decreasing precipitation predicted climate models, soil moisture may substantially reduced. in mind, agriculture in areas needs irrigation already, depletes fresh water supplies both physical use of water , degradation agriculture causes water. irrigation increases salt , nutrient content in areas not affected, , damages streams , rivers damming , removal of water. fertilizer enters both human , livestock waste streams enter groundwater, while nitrogen, phosphorus, , other chemicals fertilizer can acidify both soils , water. agricultural demands may increase more others increasingly wealthier global population, , meat 1 commodity expected double global food demand 2050, directly affects global supply of fresh water. cows need water drink, more if temperature high , humidity low, , more if production system cow in extensive, since finding food takes more effort. water needed in processing of meat, , in production of feed livestock. manure can contaminate bodies of freshwater, , slaughterhouses, depending on how managed, contribute waste such blood, fat, hair, , other bodily contents supplies of fresh water.

the transfer of water agricultural urban , suburban use raises concerns agricultural sustainability, rural socioeconomic decline, food security, increased carbon footprint imported food, , decreased foreign trade balance. depletion of fresh water, applied more specific , populated areas, increases fresh water scarcity among population , makes populations susceptible economic, social, , political conflict in number of ways; rising sea levels forces migration coastal areas other areas farther inland, pushing populations closer breaching borders , other geographical patterns, , agricultural surpluses , deficits availability of water induce trade problems , economies of areas. climate change important cause of involuntary migration , forced displacement according food , agriculture organization of united nations, global greenhouse gas emissions animal agriculture exceeds of transportation.