Battle of Gettysburg Joshua Chamberlain

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capt. ellis spear, chamberlain s right-hand man on little round top



chamberlain s position on little round top



little round top, western slope, photographed timothy h. o sullivan, 1863


chamberlain became famous achievements during battle of gettysburg. on july 2, second day of battle, union forces recovering initial setbacks , hastily regrouping defensive positions on line of hills south of town. sensing momentary vulnerability of union forces, confederates began attack against union left flank. chamberlain s brigade, commanded col. strong vincent, sent defend little round top army s chief of engineers, brig. gen. gouverneur k. warren. chamberlain found himself , 20th maine @ far left end of entire union line. understood strategic significance of small hill, , need 20th maine hold union left @ costs. men maine waited until troops 15th regiment alabama infantry, commanded col. william c. oates, charged hill, attempting flank union position. time , time again confederates struck, until 20th maine doubled upon itself. many casualties , ammunition running low, col. chamberlain recognized dire circumstances , ordered left wing (which looking southeast, compared rest of regiment, facing west) initiate bayonet charge. report of day: @ crisis, ordered bayonet. word enough. while battlefield conditions make unlikely many men heard chamberlain s order, historians believe initiated charge.


the 20th maine charged down hill, left wing wheeling continually make charging line swing hinge, creating simultaneous frontal assault , flanking maneuver, capturing 101 of confederate soldiers , saving flank. version of battle popularized book killer angels , movie gettysburg, there debate on historical validity of account. chamberlain sustained 2 slight wounds in battle, 1 when shot hit sword scabbard , bruised thigh, , when right foot hit spent bullet or piece of shrapnel. chamberlain took confederate prisoner saber during charge. after initiating maneuver, came upon confederate officer wielding revolver fired, narrowly missing face. chamberlain remained steadfast, , sword @ officer s throat accepted man s arms , surrender. pistol chamberlain captured @ gettysburg can still seen on display in civil war exhibit of maine state museum. tenacity @ defending little round top, known sobriquet lion of round top. prior battle, chamberlain quite ill, developing malaria , dysentery. later, due illness, taken off active duty until recovered.


for daring heroism , great tenacity in holding position on little round top against repeated assaults, , carrying advance position on great round top , chamberlain awarded medal of honor.


medal of honor citation

the president of united states of america, in name of congress, takes pleasure in presenting medal of honor colonel joshua lawrence chamberlain, united states army, extraordinary heroism on 2 july 1863, while serving 20th maine infantry, in action @ gettysburg, pennsylvania, daring heroism , great tenacity in holding position on little round top against repeated assaults, , carrying advance position on great round top.









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