Sheets and stays Firebox (steam engine)

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cutaway of locomotive firebox , boiler radial stays


the metal walls of firebox called sheets, separated , supported stays. stays support , brace sheets (plates) against pressure. ideally, should located @ right angles sheets, since outer sheet (wrapper sheet) radial , top of firebox (crown sheet) relatively flat comparison, such relationship both sheets impossible. actual location of stays compromise. since stay breakage hidden, stays have longitudinal holes, called tell-tales, drilled in them blow water , steam, revealing if broken. boiler more 5 broken stays, or 2 next each, other must taken out of service , stays replaced. fusible plugs, located in highest part of crown sheet, have soft metal alloy core melts out if water level in boiler gets low. steam , water blowing firebox both alerts locomotive crew low water condition , helps put out fire. not locomotives equipped fusible plugs. also, fusible plugs should replaced @ regular intervals, every 3 months locomotive in regular service, because soft metal alloy core melt out on time if boiler water carried @ proper levels. mudholes, or washout plugs, allow access interior of boiler washing , scraping away boiler mud , scale.


the sheets on left , right called side sheets while sheet in front of firebox flue sheet. front flue sheet in front of boiler , @ rear of smokebox. rear sheet @ of firebox , has door opening in it. crown sheet top of firebox. crown sheet must covered water @ times. if water level drops below crown sheet, become overheated , start melt , deform, sagging between crown stays. if condition continues, crown sheet forced off crown stays pressure in boiler, resulting in boiler explosion. condition, caused human error or inattention, single greatest cause of locomotive boiler explosion.







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