History Île d'Orléans

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map 1641 of Île d orléans


the island had long been inhabited indigenous tribes. huron called minigo (meaning enchantress , because of charm). french explorer jacques cartier first set foot on island in 1535 near present-day village of saint-françois. called Île de bascuz (from bacchus) because of abundance of wild grapes growing on island. officials later changed name Île d orléans in honour of second son of king francis i, henri ii, duke of orléans. island known grande Île, sainte-marie, , saint-laurent periods in 17th , 18th centuries.


early french settlers, immigrating normandy , poitou regions in france, attracted island because of fertile soil. colonized according seigneurial system of new france, still evident in layout, featuring residences close together, outlying long, narrow fields , common. in 1661, first parish of sainte-famille founded, followed 4 parishes in 1679/1680. 1685, there 1205 french inhabitants , 917 livestock.


in 1744, colonists completed 67 kilometres (42 mi) chemin royal (royal road), encircles entire island. jean mauvide, surgeon king of france, built manoir mauvide-genest in 1734 residence. in 1759 occupied british general wolfe when forces occupied island shortly before battle of plains of abraham during 7 years war. great britain victorious.


in 19th , 20th century, several boat-building yards operated on island, in saint-laurent-de-l Île-d orléans. thriving fishing industry of era, gave island of orleans maritime character.


the island of orleans retained traditional rural way of life until 1935, when construction completed on pont de l Île bridge, allowing more traffic. crossing connects chemin royal, set music in 1975 francophone singer félix leclerc, in song le tour de l île. in spite of this, island has maintained pastoral image , historic character, more 600 buildings classified or recognized heritage property. in 1990, entire island designated national historic site of canada.


today island mix of suburban communities , farms. popular destination daytrippers , bicyclists.








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