First historical references History of the Basques

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location of ancient tribes

·red: basque , other pre-indoeuropean tribes

·blue:celtic tribes


in 1st century, strabo wrote northern parts of navarre (nafarroa in basque) , aragon inhabited vascones. despite evident etymological connection between vascones , modern denomination basque, there no direct proof vascones modern basques ancestors or spoke language has evolved modern basque, although suggested both historically consistent toponymy of area , few personal names on tombstones dating roman period.


three different peoples inhabited territory of present basque autonomous community: varduli, caristii , autrigones. historical sources not state whether these tribes related vascones and/or aquitani.


the area basque-related language best attested period gascony in france, north of present-day basque region, ancient inhabitants, aquitani, spoke language related basque. (the extinct aquitanian language should not confused gascon, romance language has been spoken in aquitaine since middle ages.)


during middle ages, name vascones , derivates (including basque) extended cover entire basque-speaking population of present-day basque country, bordering areas , farther east , north (the whole pyrenean region , gascony).







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