Stages Civil defense

1 stages

1.1 mitigation
1.2 preparation
1.3 response
1.4 recovery

stages
mitigation

civil defense logo on air raid siren control box in kansas, us.



civil defense logo on thunderbolt 1003 siren.

mitigation process of actively preventing war or release of nuclear weapons. includes policy analysis, diplomacy, political measures, nuclear disarmament , more military responses such national missile defense , air defense artillery. in case of counter-terrorism, mitigation include diplomacy, intelligence gathering , direct action against terrorist groups. mitigation may reflected in long-term planning such design of interstate highway system , placement of military bases further away populated areas.

preparation

preparation consists of building blast shelters , pre-positioning information, supplies, , emergency infrastructure. example, larger cities in u.s. have underground emergency operations centres can perform civil defense coordination. fema has many underground facilities same purpose located near major railheads such ones in denton, texas , mount weather, virginia.

other measures include continual government inventories of grain silos, strategic national stockpile, uncapping of strategic petroleum reserve, dispersal of lorry-transportable bridges, water purification, mobile refineries, mobile de-contamination facilities, mobile general , special purpose disaster mortuary facilities such disaster mortuary operational response team (dmort) , dmort-wmd, , other aids such temporary housing speed civil recovery.

on individual scale, 1 means of preparation exposure nuclear fallout obtain potassium iodide (ki) tablets safety measure protect human thyroid gland uptake of dangerous radioactive iodine. measure cover nose, mouth , eyes piece of cloth , sunglasses protect against alpha particles, internal hazard.

to support , supplement efforts @ national, regional , local level regard disaster prevention, preparedness of responsible civil protection , intervention in event of disaster

to establish framework effective , rapid cooperation between different civil protection services when mutual assistance needed (police, fire service, healthcare service, public utility provider, voluntary agencies)
to set , implement training programs intervention , coordination teams assessment experts including joint courses , exchange systems
to enhance coherence of actions undertaken @ international level in field of civil protection, in context of cooperation

preparing includes sharing information:

to contribute informing public, in view of increasing citizens level of self-protection
to collect , disseminate validated emergency information
to pool information on national civil protection capabilities, military , medical resources
to ensure efficient information sharing between different authorities

response

response consists first of warning civilians can enter fallout shelters , protect assets.

staffing response full of problems in civil defense emergency. after attack, conventional full-time emergency services dramatically overloaded, conventional fire fighting response times exceeding several days. capability maintained local , state agencies, , emergency reserve provided specialised military units, civil affairs, military police, judge advocates , combat engineers.

however, traditional response massed attack on civilian population centres maintain mass-trained force of volunteer emergency workers. studies in world war ii showed lightly trained (40 hours or less) civilians in organised teams can perform 95% of emergency activities when trained, liaised , supported local government. in plan, populace rescues situations, , provides information central office prioritize professional emergency services.

in 1990s, concept revived los angeles fire department cope civil emergencies such earthquakes. program adopted, providing standard terms organization. in u.s., official federal policy, , implemented community emergency response teams, under department of homeland security, certifies training programmes local governments, , registers certified disaster service workers complete such training.

recovery

recovery consists of rebuilding damaged infrastructure, buildings , production. recovery phase longest , expensive phase. once immediate crisis has passed, cooperation fades away , recovery efforts politicised or seen economic opportunities.

preparation recovery can helpful. if mitigating resources dispersed before attack, cascades of social failures can prevented. 1 hedge against bridge damage in riverine cities subsidise tourist ferry performs scenic cruises on river. when bridge down, ferry takes load.