Gold-leaf electroscope Electroscope

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gold leaf electroscope showing electrostatic induction




using electroscope show electrostatic induction. device has leaves/needle become charged when introducing charged rod it. leaves bend leave/needle, , stronger static introduced, more bending occurs.


the gold-leaf electroscope developed in 1787 british clergyman , physicist abraham bennet, more sensitive instrument pith ball or straw blade electroscopes in use. consists of vertical metal rod, brass, end of hang 2 parallel strips of thin flexible gold leaf. disk or ball terminal attached top of rod, charge tested applied. protect gold leaves drafts of air enclosed in glass bottle, open @ bottom , mounted on conductive base. there grounded metal plates or foil strips in bottle flanking gold leaves on either side. these safety measure; if excessive charge applied delicate gold leaves, touch grounding plates , discharge before tearing. capture charge leaking through air accumulate on glass walls, , increase sensitivity of instrument. in precision instruments inside of bottle evacuated, prevent charge on terminal leaking off through ionization of air.


when metal terminal touched charged object, gold leaves spread apart in v . because of charge on object conducted through terminal , metal rod leaves. since receive same sign charge repel each other , diverge. if terminal grounded touching finger, charge transferred through human body earth , gold leaves close together.


the electroscope can charged without touching charged object, electrostatic induction. if charged object brought near electroscope terminal, leaves diverge, because electric field of object causes charges in electroscope rod separate leaves. charges of opposite polarity charged object attracted terminal, while charges same polarity repelled leaves, causing them spread. if electroscope terminal grounded while charged object nearby, touching momentarily finger, same polarity charges in leaves drain away ground, leaving electroscope net charge of opposite polarity object. leaves close because charge concentrated @ terminal end. when charged object moved away, charge @ terminal spreads leaves, causing them spread apart again.




gold-leaf electroscopes





































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