States-General Politics and government of the Dutch Republic

-












organigramme of government of dutch republic.



the style of address states-general codified johan de witt in 1653 noble mightinesses, lords states-general or, in dutch, den heeren hoog-mogenden, den heeren staten-generaal der verenigde provinciën der nederlanden).


each province allowed 1 vote in states-general, , republic continued practice. each province send many representatives chose. however, size of meeting room limited size of delegations. representatives appointed term provincial estates , not directly elected. neither empowered vote on own decision. referrals provincial estates decision on how vote frequent. system worked when talented councilor pensionary or stadtholder (prince of orange) able arrange consensus ahead of time. meetings held around large conference table in binnenhof (the former palace of counts of holland), in hague, central location , allowed easy travel , forth other provinces. since states of holland met in same palace, communication between them , delegates states-general frequent, increasing influence. each province served presiding officer of states-general in turn. given weak executive structure, , necessity refer business detailed review, proceedings dominated councillor pensionary of holland representative of largest province, informed , prepared official. representatives of holland other provinces defer expertise. ·  ·  ·



the binnenhof in hague, center of dutch political life.


the states-general conducted foreign relations, declared war , peace, administered army , navy, , levied tariffs. in short, exclusively concerned affairs concerned outward , common concerns of republic. had negligible power internally, jealously guarded provincial states. ·  ·


one of important tasks of states-general appointment of commander of republic s armies, captain general of union. appointment life. william silent acted chief commander of army eminent person , leader of rebellion, never formalised. son, maurice appointed captain-general counterpose leicester. dutch fortunate in in maurice turned out military genius , foremost commander of age. after that, matter of course incumbent prince of orange appointed captain general. ability of princes deliver victory , protect republic enemies lead of political power , ability provide clear, effective centralised leadership. failure of latter princes, william iv , william v, live heritage consequently led large diminution of power internally. ·  ·


once budget year set (as might expected subject of negotiation), percentage paid treasury of generality set tradition. largest, populous, , richest province, holland paid 58.3% of required budget. ability provide proportion of generality s funds gave states of holland (and seen below city of amsterdam , ruling burghers) preponderance in government. zeeland contributed 10% budget, friesland 11.7%, utrecht 5.8%, gelderland 3.6%, , overijssel , groningen 3.5% each. poorer , more landward provinces accessed less. · treasury of generality administered official appointed states-general, treasurer-general. chaired treasury chamber of generality (rekenkamer) , kept books. there receiver-general, collected taxes contributions of member provinces. 1 of key problems in receiver-general had no authority enforce payment treasury, , of poorer provinces in arrears. ·


the generality lands, amounted twenty percent of new republic s territory, not assigned provincial council , had been conquered since 1581 spanish. under direct rule of generality, , not allowed send representatives states-general. such, these territories had no vote in states-general.








Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Ancient Laconophilia Laconophilia

-
1 ancient laconophilia 1.1 athens 1.2 philosophers 1.3 contrary views ancient laconophilia athens in ancient athens, laconism began current of thought , feeling after persian wars. some, cimon, son of miltiades, believed athens should ally sparta against persian empire. cimon persuaded athenians send soldiers aid sparta, when helots (serfs of spartans) revolted , fortified mount ithome. spartans sent athenians home again thanks, lest democratic athenian ideas influence helots or perioeci. some athenians, disliked commerce, preferred closed society , rule of few. believed spartan constitution superior own. went far imitate spartan manners going around athens long-haired , unwashed, spartiates. plato s republic, set in 5th century bc, gives credence claim having socrates opine spartan or cretan type of political regime favorite of many . a group of extreme laconising oligarchs, known thirty tyrants, seized power in athens in 404 bc , held eleven months, assisted spartan army. rule, howe...
Read more

Ballysillan and Upper Crumlin Road Crumlin Road

-
ballysillan presbyterian church the ballysillan road leads off crumlin road , major area of loyalist housing. containing likes of silverstream , carr s glen districts, ballysillan road continues far north. circular road in turn links antrim road, began @ carlisle circus. during northern ireland troubles ballysillan noted centre loyalist paramilitary activity , home base of d company of ulster volunteer force (uvf) under command of john bingham along glenbryn, ballysillan @ centre of loyalist feud in 2003 when jimbo simpson, had been ousted head of north belfast brigade of ulster defence association (uda), attacked number of houses in area part of failed attempt retake control of brigade , force out replacement william borland. crumlin road entrance ballysillan houses historic church, ballysillan presbyterian church. due elevated , exposed location ballysillan, takes name irish language expression meaning townland of willow grove , 1 of coldest areas of city during winter. ballysilla...
Read more

Benefits Al-Anon/Alateen

-
1 benefits 1.1 problems 1.2 improvement 1.3 treatment of alcoholism benefits problems al-anon/alateen literature focuses on problems common family members , friends of alcoholics such excessive care-taking, inability differentiate between love , pity , loyalty abusers, rather problems of alcoholic. organization acknowledges members may join low self-esteem, largely side-effect of unrealistically overestimating agency , control: attempting control person s drinking behavior and, when fail, blaming other person s behavior. improvement participation in al-anon has been associated less personal blame women who, whole, engage in more initial personal blame drinking men. family members of alcoholics begin improve learn recognize family pathology, assign responsibility pathology disease, forgive themselves, accept adversely affected pathology , learn accept family members shortcomings. al-anon members encouraged keep focus on themselves, rather on alcoholic. although members believe changed ...
Read more