Heliograph Optical communication

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heliograph: australians using heliograph in north africa (1940).



a heliograph (error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help), meaning sun , , γραφειν graphein, meaning write ) wireless solar telegraph signals flashes of sunlight (generally using morse code) reflected mirror. flashes produced momentarily pivoting mirror, or interrupting beam shutter.


the heliograph simple effective instrument instantaneous optical communication on long distances during late 19th , 20th century. main uses in military, surveys , forest protection work. standard issue in british , australian armies until 1960s, , used pakistani army late 1975.








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