Akh Ancient Egyptian concept of the soul

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akh glyph


the akh (Ꜣḫ (magically) effective 1 ), concept of dead varied on long history of ancient egyptian belief.


it associated thought, not action of mind; rather, intellect living entity. akh played role in afterlife. following death of khat (physical body), ba , ka reunited reanimate akh. reanimation of akh possible if proper funeral rites executed , followed constant offerings. ritual termed: se-akh make (a dead person) (living) akh. in sense, developed sort of ghost or roaming dead being (when tomb not in order more) during twentieth dynasty. akh either harm or persons still living, depending on circumstances, causing e.g., nightmares, feelings of guilt, sickness, etc. invoked prayers or written letters left in tomb s offering chapel in order living family members, e.g., intervening in disputes, making appeal other dead persons or deities authority influence things on earth better, inflict punishments.


the separation of akh , unification of ka , ba brought after death having proper offerings made , knowing proper, efficacious spell, there attendant risk of dying again. egyptian funerary literature (such coffin texts , book of dead) intended aid deceased in not dying second time , aid in becoming akh.








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