Gender equality and violence against women Reproductive rights

addressing issues of gender-based violence crucial attaining reproductive rights. united nations population fund refers equality , equity men , women, enable individuals make free , informed choices in spheres of life, free discrimination based on gender , sexual , reproductive security, including freedom sexual violence , coercion, , right privacy, part of achieving reproductive rights, , states right liberty , security of person fundamental reproductive rights obliges states to:

take measures prevent, punish , eradicate forms of gender-based violence
eliminate female genital mutilation/cutting

the states:

gender , reproductive rights (grr) aims promote , protect human rights , gender equality relate sexual , reproductive health developing strategies , mechanisms promoting gender equity , equality , human rights in departments global , national activities, within functioning , priority-setting of department itself.

amnesty international writes that:

violence against women violates women s rights life, physical , mental integrity, highest attainable standard of health, freedom torture , violates sexual , reproductive rights.

one key issue achieving reproductive rights criminalization of sexual violence. if woman not protected forced sexual intercourse, not protected forced pregnancy, namely pregnancy rape. in order woman able have reproductive rights, must have right choose whom , when reproduce; , first of all, decide whether, when, , under circumstances sexually active. in many countries, these rights of women not respected, because women not have choice in regard partner, forced marriage , child marriage being common in parts of world; , neither have rights in regard sexual activity, many countries not allow women refuse engage in sexual intercourse when not want (because marital rape not criminalized in countries) or engage in consensual sexual intercourse if want (because sex outside marriage illegal in countries). in addition legal barriers, there social barriers, because in many countries complete sexual subordination of woman husband expected (for instance, in 1 survey 74% of women in mali said husband justified beat wife if refuses have sex him), while sexual/romantic relations disapproved family members, or sex outside marriage, can result in serious violence, such honor killings.