Origins.2C sources and history Carnatic music

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saraswati, hindu goddess of knowledge, music, arts , science, instrument, veena.


like art forms in indian culture, indian classical music believed divine art form originated devas , devis (hindu gods , goddesses), , venerated symbolic of nāda brāhman. ancient treatises describe connection of origin of swaras, or notes, sounds of animals , birds , man s effort simulate these sounds through keen sense of observation , perception. sama veda, believed have laid foundation indian classical music, consists of hymns rigveda, set musical tunes sung using 3 7 musical notes during vedic yajnas. yajur-veda, consists of sacrificial formulae, mentions veena accompaniment vocal recitations. references indian classical music made in many ancient texts, including epics ramayana , mahabharata. yajnavalkya smriti mentions vīṇāvādana tattvajñaḥ śrutijātiviśāradaḥ tālajñaścāprayāsena mokṣamārgaṃ niyacchati ( 1 versed in veena, 1 has knowledge of srutis , 1 adept in tala, attains salvation without doubt ). carnatic music based today on musical concepts (including swara, raga, , tala) described in detail in several ancient works, particularly bharata s natya shastra , silappadhikaram ilango adigal.


owing persian , islamic influences in north india 12th century onwards, indian classical music began diverge 2 distinct styles--hindustani music , carnatic music. commentaries , other works, such sharngadeva s sangita ratnakara, further elaborated on musical concepts found in indian classical music. 16th , 17th centuries, there clear demarcation between carnatic , hindustani music; carnatic music remained relatively unaffected persian , arabic influences. @ time carnatic music flourished in vijayanagara, while vijayanagar empire reached greatest extent. purandara dasa, known father (pitamaha) of carnatic music, formulated system commonly used teaching of carnatic music. venkatamakhin invented , authored formula melakarta system of raga classification in sanskrit work, chaturdandi prakasika (1660 ad). govindacharya known expanding melakarta system sampoorna raga scheme – system in common use today.


carnatic music patronized local kings of kingdom of mysore , kingdom of travancore in 18th through 20th centuries. of royalty of kingdoms of mysore , travancore noted composers , proficient in playing musical instruments, such veena, rudra veena, violin, ghatam, flute, mridangam, nagaswara , swarabhat. famous court-musicians proficient in music veene sheshanna (1852–1926) , veene subbanna (1861–1939), among others.


with dissolution of erstwhile princely states , indian independence movement reaching conclusion in 1947, carnatic music went through radical shift in patronage art of masses ticketed performances organized private institutions called sabhās. during 19th century, city of chennai (then known madras) emerged locus carnatic music.








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